Prostatitis ismale disease only. It is one of the most common lesions of the genitourinary system and occurs in about 80% of men, with 4 of them occurring before the age of 40.
This disease is not an isolated process: it isexposing nearby organs to trauma and also poisoning the whole body.
How does prostatitis develop?
The essence of the process is inflammation of the prostate or prostate gland.
The prostate is located in the pelvis, next to the lower part of the bladder. This is an unpaired organ that looks like a chestnut. The urethra passes through it. Behind the gland is the rectum, and in front of it is the pubis.
The prostate gland is a relatively elastic organ, as it is basically composed of muscle fibers and glandular cells. It consists of 2 lobes, which are connected by an isthmus. It is the main cause of problems related to urination. Closing and increasing in size with age, the isthmus puts pressure on the urethra, disrupting the process of urine excretion.
Prostateperform such functions for the body:
| Function | The essence |
|---|---|
| Secretary | Produces secretions that are part of sperm. It dilutes it, sets the required pH level, and increases sperm motility. |
| Motor | The muscle fibers of the gland form the urinary sphincter, which helps hold urine. |
| Barrier | Contains zinc-peptide complex, lysozyme, cellular immunity factor, spermine, which inhibits the development of infection in ascending order. |
Prostatitis develops when the inflammatory process begins in the gland. At the same time, it increases in size, squeezing the urinary tract. This causes difficulty urinating.
In addition, the enlarged prostate "invades" the bladder, squeezing it. Because of this, the transfer of urine from it is disturbed, it stagnates, causing the current inflammation in the bladder. Long-term stagnation of urinary fluid in the "reservoir" leads to poisoning of the whole body with metabolic products in its composition.
Contributing factor
The main reason for the development of prostatitis isinfection. These can be staphylococcus, enterococcus, Klebsiella, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli, Proteus. Most often, prostatitis isas a result of sexually transmitted diseases: syphilis or gonorrhea, chlamydia, trichomoniasis.
Less commonly, the cause of the disease isinfectious process of other systems: flu, dry cough, tonsillitis and others. Bacteria and viruses enter the prostate through lymph and blood flow, as well as through sexual contact. Often, pathogenic flora is introduced into the gland through the ascending passage from the urethra or descending from the bladder with infected urine.
Other factorsthat trigger inflammation of the gland include:
- circulatory disorders in the pelvis. This can be caused by a sedentary lifestyle, excess weight, and pelvic injuries. A special risk group is represented by drivers who are always in a sitting position and experience vibrations and pressure on the perineal area. Reduced blood circulation in the pelvis causes congestion and lack of oxygen in the prostate gland, which also triggers the development of infection,
- hypothermia,
- hormonal imbalance,
- problems urinating,
- irregular sexual activity - too "violent" sex life, abstinence, sexual intercourse disorder,
- chronic constipation,
- rectal inflammation,
- decreased immunity, as a result of which the body becomes vulnerable to infectious agents.
There is an opinion that the risk of developing the disease increases with regular use of alcohol and drugs.
Types and symptoms of the disease
In the modern world, the division of prostatitis into types is carried out according to the classification of the US National Institute of Health in 1995. Itbased on clinical data, as well as the presence of leukocytes and pathogenic flora in seminal fluid, prostate secretions and urine:
- Acute bacterial prostatitis.
- Chronic bacterial prostatitis.
- CPPS – chronic pelvic pain syndrome or chronic non-bacterial prostatitis.
- Asymptomatic prostatitis.
Acute prostatitiscontagious. There are several levels:
catarrhal Accompanied by frequent and painful urination. Pain radiating to the sacrum and perineum,follicles. The intensity of the pain increases. It also appears during defecation. Urination becomes difficult - urine comes out in thin streams or drops. Hyperthermia up to 38°,parenchymatous. Characterized by acute urinary retention and problems with bowel movements. Severe pain in the perineum, lower back and above the pubis. Body temperature rises to 38-40°. Body poisoning develops, the symptoms are general weakness, nausea, and increased heart rate.
During a digital examination by a urologist, an enlarged and dense prostate gland is palpable, hot and painful to the touch. A large number of leukocytes and bacteria are detected in the urine.
Chronic prostatitiscan develop as a result of an acute illness or as a separate illness. The diagnosis is made if the process lasts for 3 months or more.
Chronic prostatitis manifests itself in 3 main syndromes:
painful Interestingly, the prostate itself does not contain pain receptors. Pain appears when the inflammatory process seizes the small pelvic nerve fibers, where there are many of them. It is a different nature. It can be insignificant or sharp and strong, disturbing even at night, subsiding and resuming. It is located in the sacrum, scrotum, lower back and perineum.scanned. The urge to urinate becomes more frequent. It becomes humid, and there is a feeling of heaviness, the bladder is not completely emptied. Then the process may improve due to a compensatory increase in the bladder muscles, but soon resumes. A discharge from the urethra during a bowel movement.sexual harassment – increase in erection at night or its decrease, blurred orgasm, pain during ejaculation and its acceleration. Exacerbating sexual dysfunction, which eventually leads to impotence. There is a concept of psychogenic dyspotency, when a man convinces himself that in his situation, violations in the intimate sphere are inevitable. And they are actually developing. With the development of sexual dysfunction, a man's mood also changes: he becomes irritable and depressed.
Often the chronic form of prostatitis is a manifestation of a hidden sexual infection.
CPPS diagnosisplaced if clinical manifestations of prostatitis are present, but the pathogen of the disease is not detected in biological fluids (urine, ejaculate and prostatic secretions). Leukocytes are determined at the same time.
The main criteria for diagnosis is pain that does not subside within 3 months.
Chronic pelvic pain syndrome is divided into 2 categories: inflammatory and non-inflammatory.
Inflammatory CPPSdetermined when large numbers of leukocytes are found in biological fluids. Bacteria were not detected.
CPPS is not inflammatorycharacterized by the absence of leukocytes and pathogenic flora in biological fluids.
In both cases, prostatitis symptoms persist.
Asymptomatic formThis disease is characterized by the absence of signs of inflammation of the prostate. It is discovered accidentally during histology of prostate tissue if the patient has been prescribed a prostate biopsy. The same procedure is prescribed, for example, when the PSA level rises.
This disease, regardless of its type (except the asymptomatic form), manifests itself, first of all, urinary disorders:
- pain when urinating,
- weak or dribbling flow of urine,
- the feeling that the bladder is not completely empty.
If such symptoms appear, do not hesitate to visit a urologist. This will help stop the process at the first stage.
How to recognize the disease
The main criteria for making a diagnosis are the clinical picture and the patient's complaints.
But to confirm it finally,need to undergo a series of tests and exams:
Examination by a urologist. The doctor must perform a rectal examination of the prostate. It is passed with a finger through the rectum. It is advisable to defecate before the exam. Using manipulation, the shape and size of the gland, as well as its consistency, are determined. This procedure helps to determine the presence of tumors and inflammation in the prostate. Digital examination allows you to collect prostate secretions.Urine analysis. Two parts are examined: urine collected at the beginning of urination, and urine collected at the end of the process. 1 dish shows the state of the urethra, 2 - kidneys and bladder. The presence of leukocytes in the urine above normal (15 per field of view) indicates inflammation.After collecting urine, a prostate massage is performed, as a result of which the secretion is obtained. If there is too little and it is not released from the urethra, but remains on its wall, urine is collected after massage. It is as informative as the prostate discharge itself. Leukocytes are also determined here (there should not be more than 10 of them), and, in addition, lecithin grains and amyloid bodies. If the first analysis of the secretion of the gland does not show any abnormalities, this does not mean the absence of the process. Prostate juice may be too viscous and clog the lumen of the duct of the affected gland. Then the secretory secretion will be produced by healthy glandular cells. Therefore, it is necessary to pass such an analysis several times. Cultures of urine and prostate secretions are also performed to identify the causative agent of the disease and determine sensitivity to antibiotics.General blood analysis. Analysis for the presence of sexually transmitted diseases. Ultrasound of kidney, bladder, TRUS, which allows you to carefully assess the state of the prostate,Uroflowmetry. It is used to assess the rate and time of urine excretion. It is carried out with a special apparatus consisting of a sensor and a container. All the patient has to do is urinate into it in the normal way.Blood PSA - prostate specific antigen. It is an indicator of the presence of tumor formation in the prostate gland - adenoma or cancer,Prostate biopsy. It is carried out if the presence of cancer is suspected.
It is necessary to take a spermogram, which will help confirm or deny infertility.
Therapy of acute and chronic prostatitis
Uncomplicated acute prostatitis is usually treated on an outpatient basis. Admission to the hospital is indicated for severe intoxication or the development of complications.
Treatment of acute prostatitisstart with antibiotics. If the condition is significantly disturbed, it is administered without waiting for the results of the analysis. They use a group of antibacterial drugs that are able to penetrate deep into the tissue of the prostate gland. They act on the types of bacteria that most often cause inflammation in it. These antibiotics include fluoroquinolones.
After receiving the testAntibiotic therapy can be adjusted differently. It all depends on the causative agent of the disease and its sensitivity to the drug. Therapy is also changed if no effect is observed after 2 days.
In case of acute inflammation of the prostate gland, the administration of painkillers, as well as non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, is indicated. In addition to oral drugs, suppositories are also used, which also have analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects: based on prostate extract, suppositories with propolis.
In case of severe intoxicationcarry out detoxification therapy. To do this, use glucose solution.
Prescribed drugs that increase blood circulation in the prostate. They ensure lymphatic drainage from the glands, relieve swelling, and promote the removal of toxins.
In the case of acute prostatitis, it is prohibited to massage the gland, as this can trigger the development of sepsis.
Treatment of chronic prostatitis depends on the stage of the disease.
In acute form, antibiotics are used. In the remission stage, therapy aims to maintain the normal function of the gland:
- Drugs that normalize the microcirculation of organs.
- Anti-inflammatory drugs.
- It is important to maintain the body's immune function, which decreases under the influence of a course of antibiotics. For this, patients are prescribed immunostimulants.
- For sexual dysfunction, it is possible to prescribe antidepressants and sedatives.
- Prostate massage.
- Physiotherapy:
- laser,
- ultrasound,
- rectal electrophoresis,
- transrectal microwave hyperthermia.
- Physiotherapy.
Physiotherapy for prostatitis helps improve pelvic floor muscle tone and reduce pain.
Prostate massage: purpose and technique
Prostate finger massage has several purposes.
It is used as a diagnosis, to obtain glandular secretions, and also as a method of treating chronic prostatitis.
MostThe usual method for this procedure is transrectal. In this case, the patient is placed on his right side with bent knees. The doctor inserts the index finger into the anus, moving it along the rectum. Then the massage is performed: gently stroking each lobe of the gland around it and along the duct. At the end of the procedure, the groove between the lobes is kneaded to remove the secretion fluid.
It is necessary to focus on the patient's sensations: there should be no pain during the manipulation. The procedure lasts 1 minute, the full course is 15 sessions.
An indicator of a high-quality sequence is the release of several drops of glandular secretions.
Such manipulation, first of all,increase blood circulation in the prostate. This accelerates tissue repair and improves the passage of medicines, relieves congestion and relieves inflammation.
Massage helps strengthen the glandular and perineal muscles. This procedure allows you to remove stagnant seminal fluid from the organ, as the prostate is cleaned of bacteria and toxins. Urethral compression is eliminated and urination improves. Massage increases potency by increasing the circulation of seminal fluid.
In addition to the transrectal method, there are instillation and bougie massage methods.
Inhalation methodstarting with the introduction of a medical solution through the urethra. Then it is clamped and the prostate is massaged using the finger method. In this case, the healing solution penetrates the gland, increasing the effect of the procedure. In the end, the urethra is opened, it is recommended to wait a while before urinating. The drug is put back into the urethra.
Bougie massageperformed through the urethra using a bougie - a special instrument for the dilation and examination of the tubular organ. The patient is in the right lateral position. A bougie is inserted into the urethra and held with one hand. With the other hand, sweep and press on the penis from top to bottom. The duration of the procedure is 1 minute, after which the drugs are administered intraurethrally. This sequence is supported by antibiotic therapy.
Finger massage on the prostate– medical manipulations, performed by specialists according to clear indications.
The option of self-massage is possible: to do this, rhythmically tense and relax the muscles around the anus. This procedure cannot be seen by others and will help strengthen the gland.
As with any manipulation,Prostate massage has contraindications:
- acute inflammation of the prostate,
- glandular cancer or adenoma,
- piles,
- stone, cyst formation in the prostate organ.
A professionally performed procedure will help restore the structure of the prostate and its function, and the stimulation of sensitive points will eliminate sexual dysfunction.
Prostatitis and traditional medicine
Along with medicines, traditional methods will also help to overcome prostate inflammation.Combine these 2 types of treatment, you will speed up the healing process and get rid of unpleasant sensations.
There are many home recipes that help in the fight against prostatitis. Here are some of them:
- Grind 500 grams of peeled raw pumpkin seeds through a meat grinder and mix with 200 grams of honey. Make small balls from the resulting mass. Take before meals 2 times a day, slowly, chew and dissolve thoroughly. Pumpkin seeds contain a large amount of zinc, which is important for men's health.
- blueberries have anti-inflammatory effects. By eating 200 grams of this berry a day, you will support your men's health,
- Parsley, first of all, became famous as a culinary spice. But in addition, it also contains many useful substances, including those needed by the male body. Take 1 tablespoon of parsley juice. l. 3 times a day 30 minutes before meals. This will help relieve inflammation and improve sex life,
- take the green skin of the chestnut along with the thorns, cut it and pour boiling water over it. Use as tea
- Grind 300 grams of onion to a paste-like consistency, add 100 grams of honey, 600 ml of dry wine. Store for 1 week in a dark and cool place, stirring occasionally. Strain. Use 2 tbsp. l. 3 times a day before meals. Effective in the treatment of chronic prostatitis.
Some will help speed recoveryphysical training. They stimulate blood circulation in the pelvic area and, thus, in the prostate.
- Deep squat below knee level. The optimal number of times is 100. Do it 3 times a week. If you can't do such a number at once, do squats in several approaches with breaks.
- Scissors. Sit on the floor with your hands on the floor behind you. Stretch your legs in front of you, lift them off the floor. Crucify each other. The movement resembles scissor work.
- Lie on your back, bend your knees and bring them to your chest. Wrap your arms around them. Hold the pose for up to 20 minutes.
- Walking regularly is also a great way to relieve congestion.
You canadd this complex with other exercises, which activates and warms the muscles.
adolescent prostatitis
It's hard to believe, but prostatitis, which was considered the province of middle and old age, is now much younger and is found even among teenagers. It negatively affects the condition of the whole body, as well as the reproductive ability of young people.
because of thatit is important to understand the reasonswhich leads to adolescent prostatitis:
early sexual activity and sexual illiteracy. Unprotected sexual intercourse contributes to the development of sexually transmitted infections, which can cause bacterial inflammation of the prostate,hypothermia – contributing factors in the development of prostatitis. Temperature imbalance reduces immunity and exposes the body to infectious attacks,fashion trends – wearing clothes and underwear that are too tight interfere with blood circulation in the pelvis and lead to stagnation in this area,sedentary lifestyle – work on the computer of modern teenagers replaces sports, walking and other active hobbies,excessive sexual activity completely exhausts the gland. Its function is reduced, and the little secretion it produces and the deterioration of its quality make it more susceptible to infection.
Prostatitis manifests itself in young people in different ways. Some are worried about obvious symptoms: hyperthermia, severe pain in the groin with radiation to neighboring organs and during urination. For others, symptoms occur in a mild form. General weakness, decreased activity, low-grade fever, and urethral discharge appear.
veryIt is important not to ignore the signs of the disease, but to start treatment on time. Ignored pathological processes will leave a mark on the condition of organs and the life of young men.
Preventive measures
It is better to prevent any disease than to treat it. The steps to prevent prostatitis are quite simple, and they are not difficult to follow.
- Firstly,reconsider your daily routine. If you have a sedentary job, be sure to introduce five minutes of sports training into your routine. Stretch your body, move more. This is necessary to make the blood "run" faster through the channels. At the same time, avoid excessive physical activity, which exhausts the body.
- Stop smoking. Tobacco smoke constricts blood vessels and affects blood circulation, reducing the supply of oxygen to the prostate gland. Limit your alcohol intake.
- Avoid hypothermia and nervous tension.
- It is worth eating marinated dishes, as well as spices and pickles, and hot sauces in doses.
- The regularity of sexual activity and the adequacy of sexual intercourse should be observed.
Untreated prostatitis threatens several complications: the transition to a chronic form, the development of infertility, the spread of the process to the kidneys and bladder. More serious consequences include adenoma and prostate cancer. It is possible that purulent foci - abscesses - may appear in the gland and become septic.
As you can see, this disease is quite dangerous. And, despite the problem of this problem, you should not delay its treatment. Block the process at an early stage of its development: only in this case you will preserve your health and virility.